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Mobilization and methylation of mercury with sulfur addition in paddy soil: Implications for integrated water-sulfur management in controlling Hg accumulation in rice. | LitMetric

Mobilization and methylation of mercury with sulfur addition in paddy soil: Implications for integrated water-sulfur management in controlling Hg accumulation in rice.

J Hazard Mater

CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address:

Published: May 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • Sulfur-fertilizer is widely used in agriculture to both enhance crop growth and reduce mercury (Hg) contamination in soil, but its effects on Hg transport and transformation in complex paddy conditions are still unclear.
  • The study investigates how adding sulfate at different stages of rice growth affects Hg release and MeHg accumulation, finding that early application increases Hg and MeHg levels, while late application reduces them.
  • The research highlights the importance of timing in sulfur-fertilizer application to minimize Hg bioavailability and MeHg production, suggesting that better management could enhance environmental safety in rice paddies.

Article Abstract

Sulfur-fertilizer is commonly applied in croplands and in immobilizing Hg in contaminated soil. However, there is still great uncertainty and controversy concerning Hg transportability and transformation when supplying sulfur in paddies with complex conditions. Herein, we explored the effect of adding sulfate in paddy soil at different rice growth stages on soil Hg release and MeHg accumulation in rice and uncovered the correlation between sulfur induced MeHg production and the dynamically changed soil E, dissolved Fe, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In specific, sulfate addition at early stages (flooding period) triggered the decrease of E and increase of DOC and dissolved Fe, which in turn promoted Hg release and favored MeHg generation (increased by 235.19-555.07% vs control). Interestingly, adding sulfate at late stages (drainage condition), as compared with that at early stages, alleviated Hg release and MeHg production accompanied by the increase of E and decrease of dissolved Fe and DOC. The microcosmic experiment further confirmed the reduction of sulfate to sulfide promoted the change of E, thereby stimulating HgS dissolution in soil extract. The results give clues on the rational application of sulfur-fertilizer and through the water-sulfur fertilizer management considering the correspondingly changed soil conditions to diminish Hg bioavailability and MeHg production in paddies and paddy-like environments.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128447DOI Listing

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