In 2018, the remarkable rescue of twelve young boys and their football coach trapped in a flooded cave in Thailand captured worldwide attention. The rescue required the boys to be dived out of the cave system while fully anaesthetized which presented unique practical and ethical challenges for the rescue team. Major departures from normal anaesthetic practice were required. Taking anaesthetized children underwater was unprecedented, complex, and dangerous. To do this underground in a flooded cave meant the risks were extreme. Using a principlist approach, this essay will outline the rescue plan highlighting the ethical dilemmas faced by the rescue team. Informed consent and full disclosure of information are justifiably waived in emergency disaster scenarios. Beneficence as a guiding principle becomes a major challenge when all rescue options appear destined to cause likely fatalities of healthy young boys. Importantly, virtues and virtue ethics also have a vital role to play when confronting and dealing with ethical challenges in disaster scenarios-this will be discussed with particular reference to the cave rescue.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11673-022-10168-w | DOI Listing |
Microrna
January 2025
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 20130, India.
MicroRNA (miRNA) modulation has emerged as a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy, particularly in converting "cold" tumors with limited immune cell infiltration into "hot" tumors responsive to immunotherapy. miRNAs regulate immune cell recruitment and activation within the tumor microenvironment, influencing tumor behavior targeting specific miRNAs in cold tumors aims to enhance the immune response, potentially improving therapeutic efficacy. Despite ongoing research challenges, such as tumor complexity and treatment resistance, miRNA-based therapies offer personalized approaches with potential ethical considerations.
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Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Siruvachur, IND.
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December 2024
Department of Orthopedics, Spine Unit, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh, MYS.
Spinal cord injuries, including rare cases without radiological abnormalities, pose diagnostic challenges, particularly in cases of delayed neurological deficit development. This case report describes a 55-year-old man with a stable L1 burst fracture who developed delayed neurological deficits two weeks after sustaining a fall despite no evidence of intrinsic or extrinsic spinal cord abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient initially presented with back pain, normal muscle strength across all myotomes, and imaging that showed no canal stenosis or retropulsion fragments.
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Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
The application of the person-environment-occupation-performance (PEOP) model in occupational therapy education offers valuable insights into the interaction between person, environment, and occupational factors and how these elements influenced the strategies used to adapt and navigate the transformation of health professions education during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored how individual characteristics, contextual demands, and the nature of educational occupations shaped the adaptation and performance of educators and students. The study used a qualitative, exploratory research design at a public higher education institution (HEI) in South Africa, focusing on the occupational therapy program.
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MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN, MILWAUKEE, MILWAUKEE, WI, USA.
The introduction of portable MRI (pMRI) has the potential to directly impact dementia research and ultimately clinical care. In this paper, we explore two ethical challenges facing the introduction of pMRI in dementia research. The first is the need to ensure that pMRI enhances rather than undermines efforts aimed at improving ethnoracial representation in dementia research.
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