Actin is a fundamental member of an ancient superfamily of structural intracellular proteins and plays a crucial role in cytoskeleton dynamics, ciliogenesis, phagocytosis, and force generation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is shown that actin has another function in metazoans: patterning biosilica deposition, a role that has spanned over 500 million years. Species of glass sponges (Hexactinellida) and demosponges (Demospongiae), representatives of the first metazoans, with a broad diversity of skeletal structures with hierarchical architecture unchanged since the late Precambrian, are studied. By etching their skeletons, organic templates dominated by individual F-actin filaments, including branched fibers and the longest, thickest actin fiber bundles ever reported, are isolated. It is proposed that these actin-rich filaments are not the primary site of biosilicification, but this highly sophisticated and multi-scale form of biomineralization in metazoans is ptterned.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202105059 | DOI Listing |
Polymers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
The mechanical properties of lignin, an aromatic heteropolymer constituting 20-30% plant biomass, are important to the fabrication and processing of lignin-based sustainable polymeric materials. In this study, atomistic simulations are performed to provide microscopic insights into the mechanics of lignin. Representative samples of miscanthus, spruce, and birch lignin are studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
Pediatric Radiology, HOMI-Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia, Bogotá, Colombia.
The coexistence of fibrous dysplasia and aneurysmal bone cyst in the craniofacial region is extremely rare. This article presents a unique case involving the skull base, diagnosed using computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Imaging revealed a characteristic expansile mass with a ground-glass appearance alongside cystic areas exhibiting fluid-fluid levels, indicative of fibrous dysplasia and aneurysmal bone cyst.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Oral Investig
December 2024
Departamento de Odontopediatria e Ortodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia, UFRJ, R. Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325, 21941-617, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in arresting caries lesions. Variables such as treatment time, adverse effects/parental aesthetic perception, anxiety and patients' behavior were also evaluated.
Materials And Methods: Children (3.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
November 2024
Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA.
Background: Dental caries is the world's most prevalent disease. Untreated caries can cause pain and negatively impact psychosocial health, functioning, and nutrition. It is important to identify cost-effective, easy-to-use agents, which can prevent or arrest caries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infus Nurs
November 2024
Author Affiliations: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Japan.
Health care providers use several types of syringes in their daily routine to provide or safely deliver therapeutic agents to patients. Pump infusion with a syringe (PIS) are used for the rapid delivery of large amounts of fluid or blood to patients in critical conditions, such as hypovolemic shock. Patients often experience bacterial infections, such as catheter-related bloodstream infections, specifically when they are in critical condition in the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery or undergoing resuscitation in an emergency department.
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