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Clinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Clinical Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Spatial orientation involves egocentric and allocentric strategies that switch in the brain. Disturbances in switching may indicate Neurocognitive Disorders, which contribute to early detection of Alzheimer's Disease. The "Ego-Allo-Switching Task" (EAST) needs to be adapted for cross-cultural use in Brazil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of uncertain reward in voluntary task-switching as revealed by pupillometry and gaze.
Behav Brain Res
December 2024
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, Psychology Building, Building 0463, 515 Coke St, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America; Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Building (ILSB), Room 3148 | 3474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3474, United States of America. Electronic address:
Cognitive flexibility, the brain's ability to adjust to changes in the environment, is a critical component of executive functioning. Previous literature shows a robust relationship between reward dynamics and flexibility: flexibility is highest when reward changes, while flexibility decreases when reward remains stable. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of uncertain reward in a voluntary task switching paradigm on behavior, pupillometry, and eye gaze.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNo evidence for unconscious initiation and following of arithmetic rules: A replication study.
J Exp Psychol Gen
October 2024
School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University.
The field of consciousness studies has yielded various-sometimes contradicting-accounts regarding the function of consciousness, ranging from denying it has such function to claiming that any high-level cognitive function requires consciousness. Empirical findings supporting both accounts were reported, yet some of them have been recently revisited based on failures to replicate. Here, we aimed at replicating a remarkable finding reported by Ric and Muller (2012); participants were able to follow an unseen instruction, integrate it with a subsequently presented pair of unseen digits, and accordingly either add the digits (resulting in a priming effect), or simply represent them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReinforcement learning of adaptive control strategies.
Commun Psychol
January 2024
Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Humans can up- or downregulate the degree to which they rely on task information for goal-directed behaviour, a process often referred to as cognitive control. Adjustments in cognitive control are traditionally studied in response to experienced or expected task-rule conflict. However, recent theories suggest that people can also learn to adapt control settings through reinforcement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe influence of reward and loss outcomes after free- and forced-tasks on voluntary task choice.
Psychol Res
October 2024
University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
In four experiments, we investigated the impact of outcomes and processing mode (free versus forced) on subsequent voluntary task-switching behavior. Participants freely chose between two tasks or were forced to perform one, and the feedback they received randomly varied after correct performance (reward or no-reward; loss or no-loss). In general, we reasoned that the most recently applied task goal is usually the most valued one, leading people to prefer task repetitions over switches.
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