The roles of parental absence, life skills and personality traits in mental health status among adolescents in rural China.

Problem: Mental health issues in adolescents are public health concerns worldwide including China. However, there is a lack of research examining the role of parental absence status, life skills, and personality traits on the mental health of adolescents in rural China.

Method: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the role of parental absence status, life skills, and personality traits on the mental health of adolescents in rural China. This study used self-developed demographic questionnaire, Mental Health Test (MHT), Middle School Student Life Skills Rating Scale, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associated factors on different domains of MHT.

Results: Adolescents in rural China reported high proportion of mental health disorders (MHDs), including learning anxiety, sensitiveness, self-accusation, and physical symptoms tendency. Although 75.6% experienced parental absence, this was not associated with MHT after controlling for all other variables. Better mental health was correlated with life skills including communication skills, interpersonal morality, self-efficacy, and stress coping. The instability-neuroticism personality trait was positively associated with MHDs.

Discussion: Adolescents in rural China reported high positive rates of MHDs. Communication skills, interpersonal morality, self-efficacy, ability to cope with stress and Instability-neuroticism were important associated factors of MHDs.

Application To Practice: Life skills and personality are two important factors that should be considered when assessing the mental health status of adolescents and formulating interventions.