Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is novel and promising for cancer treatment, however, the potential systematic toxicity of the used nanoparticles is still a big concern. In this work the biocompatible hypocrellin A-Fe(III) nanoparticles (HA-Fe(III) NPs) were synthesized and studied. The CDT effect of HA-Fe(III) NPs in the dark is negligible but can be photo-activated upon red light irradiation, which is meaningful to realize precise CDT treatment by selective light irradiation. Moreover, HA-Fe(III) NPs can also generate O˙, which may be converted into HO to further enhance the CDT effect. As a result, HA-Fe(III) NPs had little cytotoxicity in the dark at the concentration up to 200 μg ml, but exhibited efficient CDT activity upon red light irradiation under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The results also showed that HA-Fe(III) NPs can efficiently inhibit tumor growth upon 628 nm light irradiation.
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