Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors that originate from the gastrointestinal tract, mostly from the stomach. GISTs are derived from the myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal and are caused by several mutations in the c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor genes. Clinically, GISTs are detected by endoscopic and imaging findings and are diagnosed by immunostaining. Surgery is the first line of treatment, and if the tumor is relatively small, minimally invasive surgery such as laparoscopy is performed. In recent years, neoadjuvant therapy has been administered to patients with GISTs that are suspected of having a large size or infiltration to other organs. Postoperative adjuvant imatinib is the standard therapy for high-risk GISTs. It is important to assess the risk of recurrence after GIST resection. However, the effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitor use will vary by the mutation of c-kit genes and the site of mutation. Furthermore, information regarding gene mutation is indispensable when considering the treatment policy for recurrent GISTs. This article reviews the clinicopathological characteristics of GISTs along with the minimally invasive and multidisciplinary treatment options available for these tumors. The future perspectives for diagnostic and treatment approaches for these tumors have also been discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v13.i1.15 | DOI Listing |
Cancer J
January 2025
From the Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
There has been a significant paradigm shift in the clinical management of lower-grade glioma patients given the recent updates to the 2021 World Health Organization classification along with long-term results from randomized phase III clinical trials. As a result, we are now better able to diagnose and assign patients to the most appropriate treatment course. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most robust and reliable molecular biomarkers for adult lower-grade gliomas and discusses current challenges facing this patient population that future correlative biology studies combined with advancements in technologies could help overcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assist Reprod Genet
January 2025
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Purpose: While the literature has addressed the implementation of oncofertility care at developed institutions, minimal advice exists for those seeking to build oncofertility programs in limited resource settings (LRS). Our research offers a promising conversation on establishing oncofertility care in such settings from the perspective of a practitioner working to establish care in Latin America. We propose practices that have the potential to significantly improve access to and quality of care in these challenging settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Rep
January 2025
ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India.
Plant breeding needs to embrace genetic innovations to ensure stability in crop yields under fluctuating climatic conditions. Development of commercial hybrid varieties has proven to be a sustainable and economical alternative to deliver superior yield, quality and resistance with uniformity in a number of food crops. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a maternally inherited inability to produce functional pollen, facilitates a three-line system for efficient hybrid seed production strategies in crops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Emerg Care
January 2025
From the Pediatric Emergency Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Health, Dallas, TX.
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to determine whether current fellows and program directors in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) were satisfied with virtual interviewing (VI) in terms of their respective matches. The secondary goal was to assess areas in which the virtual interview process could be improved.
Methods: After institutional review was obtained, fellow surveys were piloted to non-PEM fellows to solicit feedback.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Metal-free boron-based materials exhibit remarkable performance in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP). Rational design of boron-based catalysts requires a systematic understanding of the underlying mechanisms to constitute a knowledge base. This work provides a comprehensive view of the reaction mechanism of the boron-based ODH reaction and discusses the key features of the reaction systems, including the inhibition of deep oxidation, high olefin selectivity, and the role of water in the ODHP reaction.
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