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Bayesian approach to piecewise growth mixture modeling: Issues and applications in school psychology.
J Sch Psychol
December 2024
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, United States.
Bayesian piecewise growth mixture models (PGMMs) are a powerful statistical tool based on the Bayesian framework for modeling nonlinear, phasic developmental trajectories of heterogeneous subpopulations over time. Although Bayesian PGMMs can benefit school psychology research, their empirical applications within the field remain limited. This article introduces Bayesian PGMMs, addresses three key methodological considerations (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of NHS outsourcing of elective care to the independent sector on outcomes for patients, healthcare professionals and the United Kingdom health care system: A rapid narrative review of literature.
Health Policy
December 2024
Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, United Kingdom; NIHR ARC KSS (Ref: NIHR 200179). Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The NHS is increasingly utilizing the independent sector to manage elective care backlogs, but the effects on the healthcare system and its stakeholders are not fully understood.
- A rapid review of 40 studies highlighted that while independent sector providers can deliver high-volume and low-complexity elective care comparable in quality to the NHS, there are concerns about inequalities in access and outcomes, financial sustainability, and workforce impact.
- Future research should consider these complexities to better understand the implications of integrating independent sector care into the NHS.
Coding, or non-coding, that is the question.
Cell Res
September 2024
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
The advent of high-throughput sequencing uncovered that our genome is pervasively transcribed into RNAs that are seemingly not translated into proteins. It was also found that non-coding RNA transcripts outnumber canonical protein-coding genes. This mindboggling discovery prompted a surge in non-coding RNA research that started unraveling the functional relevance of these new genetic units, shaking the classic definition of "gene".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTarget Trial Emulation: Improving the Quality of Observational Studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using the Principles of Randomized Trials.
Inflamm Bowel Dis
June 2024
INFINY Institute, Nancy University Hospital, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
The past decade has seen a substantial increase in the number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard method for generating robust evidence of drug safety and efficacy but are expensive, time-consuming, and may have ethical implications. Observational studies in IBD are often used to fill the gaps in evidence but are typically hindered by significant bias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntelligence and cortical morphometry: caveats in brain-behavior associations.
Brain Struct Funct
July 2024
A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
It is well-established that brain size is associated with intelligence. But the relationship between cortical morphometric measures and intelligence is unclear. Studies have produced conflicting results or no significant relations between intelligence and cortical morphometric measures such as cortical thickness and peri-cortical contrast.
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