The composition of founding populations plays an important role in colonisation dynamics and can influence population growth during early stages of biological invasion. Specifically, founding populations with small propagules (i.e. low number of founders) are vulnerable to the Allee effect and have reduced likelihood of establishment compared to those with large propagules. The founding sex ratio can also impact establishment via its influence on mating success and offspring production. Our goal was to test the effects of propagule size and sex ratio on offspring production and annual population growth following introductions of a non-native lizard species (Anolis sagrei). We manipulated propagule composition on nine small islands, then examined offspring production, population growth and survival rate of founders and their descendants encompassing three generations. By the third reproductive season, per capita offspring production was higher on islands seeded with a relatively large propagule size, but population growth was not associated with propagule size. Propagule sex ratio did not affect offspring production, but populations with a female-biased propagule had positive growth, whereas those with a male-biased propagule had negative growth in the first year. Populations were not affected by propagule sex ratio in subsequent years, possibly due to rapid shifts towards balanced (or slightly female biased) population sex ratios. Overall, we show that different components of population fitness have different responses to propagule size and sex ratio in ways that could affect early stages of biological invasion. Despite these effects, the short life span and high fecundity of A. sagrei likely helped small populations to overcome Allee effects and enabled all populations to successfully establish. Our rare experimental manipulation of propagule size and sex ratio can inform predictions of colonisation dynamics in response to different compositions of founding populations, which is critical in the context of population ecology and invasion dynamics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13671 | DOI Listing |
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with cognitive decline. Use of oral anticoagulant (OAC) medications offers a lower risk of dementia, but it is unclear whether differences exist between types of OAC agents.
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December 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
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Clin Transplant
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Division of Abdominal Transplant, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuscle Nerve
December 2024
The Higher Education Institution Fizioterapevtika, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Introduction/aims: We aimed to determine differences in diaphragm thickness by including/excluding pleural and peritoneal membranes, the variability in diaphragm thickness over the apposition zone, and the predictors of diaphragm thickness and excursion measurements.
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West Afr J Med
August 2024
Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Email: Tel: 08063241116.
Background/objective: Rheumatic diseases (RMDs) are among the leading health burdens and causes of disability globally. Interestingly, they are on the rise due to the increasingly ageing population. Inflammatory RMDs are not left behind in the rise, especially in Africa, where they were thought to be rare as there has been increasing reportage of these diseases in recent years.
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