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Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic literature review highlighting differences from the idiopathic forms.

Autoimmun Rev

September 2024

Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address:

Introduction: An altered immune tolerance disturbed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may contribute to new-onset polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA). This systematic literature review (SLR) examines the characteristics of PMR and GCA-like syndromes following anticancer treatment with ICIs, summarizing their demographic, clinical and treatment-related features to provide insights whether they differ from the idiopathic forms.

Methods: The SLR was conducted in Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to July 2024, and in the EULAR/ACR abstract database (2021-2023).

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