Enhancing membrane-based soft materials with magnetic reconfiguration events.

Adaptive and bioinspired droplet-based materials are built using the droplet interface bilayer (DIB) technique, assembling networks of lipid membranes through adhered microdroplets. The properties of these lipid membranes are linked to the properties of the droplets forming the interface. Consequently, rearranging the relative positions of the droplets within the network will also alter the properties of the lipid membranes formed between them, modifying the transmembrane exchanges between neighboring compartments. In this work, we achieved this through the use of magnetic fluids or ferrofluids selectively dispersed within the droplet-phase of DIB structures. First, the ferrofluid DIB properties are optimized for reconfiguration using a coupled experimental-computational approach, exploring the ideal parameters for droplet manipulation through magnetic fields. Next, these findings are applied towards larger, magnetically-heterogeneous collections of DIBs to investigate magnetically-driven reconfiguration events. Activating electromagnets bordering the DIB networks generates rearrangement events by separating and reforming the interfacial membranes bordering the dispersed magnetic compartments. These findings enable the production of dynamic droplet networks capable of modifying their underlying membranous architecture through magnetic forces.