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Implications of Cross-Reactivity and Cross-Protection for Pneumococcal Vaccine Development.
Vaccines (Basel)
August 2024
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
Pneumococcal vaccines are a cornerstone for the prevention of pneumococcal diseases, reducing morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. Pneumococcal vaccine composition is based on the polysaccharide capsule of , which is one of the most important identified contributors to the pathogen's virulence. Similarities in the structural composition of polysaccharides included in licensed pneumococcal vaccines may result in cross-reactivity of immune response against closely related serotypes, including serotypes not included in the vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAttitudes of pregnant women in the Dominican Republic towards a future maternal Group B Streptococcus vaccine.
Vaccine
September 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin and Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:
Introduction: Current protocols aim to prevent some infant GBS infection through screening and peripartum antibiotics, however such strategies cannot be widely implemented in resource-limited settings. On the other hand, maternal vaccines in development against Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can provide a feasible universal approach. The success of any vaccine will depend on uptake in the population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity of Current and Next-Generation Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in Children: Current Challenges and Upcoming Opportunities.
Open Forum Infect Dis
May 2024
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Global use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) with increasingly broader serotype coverage has helped to reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in children and adults. In clinical studies comparing PCVs, higher-valency PCVs have met noninferiority criteria (based on immunoglobulin G geometric mean concentrations and response rates) for most shared serotypes. A numeric trend of declining immunogenicity against shared serotypes with higher-valency PCVs has also been observed; however, the clinical relevance is uncertain, warranting additional research to evaluate the effectiveness of new vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding healthcare providers' preferred attributes of pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in the United States.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Evidence & Access, OPEN Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
As higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) become available for pediatric populations in the US, it is important to understand healthcare provider (HCP) preferences for and acceptability of PCVs. US HCPs (pediatricians, family medicine physicians and advanced practitioners) completed an online, cross-sectional survey between March and April 2023. HCPs were eligible if they recommended or prescribed vaccines to children age <24 months, spent ≥25% of their time in direct patient care, and had ≥2 y of experience in their profession.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPCV15, a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants and children.
Expert Rev Vaccines
December 2023
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
Introduction: is a causative agent of pneumonia and acute otitis media (AOM), as well as invasive diseases such as meningitis and bacteremia. PCV15 (V114) is a new 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) approved for use in individuals ≥6 weeks of age for the prevention of pneumonia, AOM, and invasive pneumococcal disease.
Areas Covered: This review summarizes the V114 Phase 3 development program leading to approval in infants and children, including pivotal studies, interchangeability and catch-up vaccination studies, and studies in at-risk populations.
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