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The ability to monitor molecular targets is crucial in fields ranging from healthcare to industrial processing to environmental protection. Devices employing biomolecules to achieve this goal are called biosensors. Over the last half century researchers have developed dozens of different biosensor approaches. In this chapter we analyze recent advances in the biosensing field aiming at adapting these to the problem of continuous molecular monitoring in complex sample streams, and how the merging of these sensors with lab-on-a-chip technologies would be beneficial to both. To do so we discuss (1) the components that comprise a biosensor, (2) the challenges associated with continuous molecular monitoring in complex sample streams, (3) how different sensing strategies deal with (or fail to deal with) these challenges, and (4) the implementation of these technologies into lab-on-a-chip architectures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.027 | DOI Listing |
J Transl Med
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most important complication of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in eyes. Despite its prevalence, the early detection and management of DR continue to pose considerable challenges. Our research aims to elucidate potent drug targets that could facilitate the identification of DR and propel advancements in its therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan. Electronic address:
The accumulation of amyloid β-proteins (Aβ) in the extracellular space, forming insoluble plaques, is a primary pathological process underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the various Aβ species that appear during Aβ aggregation, Aβ oligomers are considered the most neurotoxic form. However, the precise mechanisms of their molecular functions within the Aβ aggregation cascade have not been clarified so far.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center; Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.
Effective repair of large bone defects through bone tissue engineering (BTE) remains an unmet clinical challenge. Successful BTE requires optimal and synergistic interactions among biocompatible scaffolds, osteogenic factors, and osteoprogenitors to form a highly vascularized microenvironment for bone regeneration and osseointegration. We sought to develop a highly effective BTE system by using 3D printed citrate-based mPOC/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites laden with BMP9-stimulated human urine stem cells (USCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochemistry
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
The effects of guanidinium hydrochloride (GdmCl) on two intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are investigated using simulations of the self-organized polymer-IDP (SOP-IDP) model. The impact of GdmCl is taken into account using the molecular transfer model (MTM). We show that due to the dramatic reduction in the stiffness of the highly charged Prothymosin-α (ProTα) with increasing concentration of GdmCl ([GdmCl]), the radius of gyration () decreases sharply until about 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Nano
December 2024
Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab, 144008, India.
In vivo, molecular imaging is prevalent for biology research and therapeutic practice. Among advanced imaging technologies, photoacoustic (PA) imaging and sensing is gaining interest around the globe due its exciting features like high resolution and good (~ few cm) penetration depth. PA imaging is a recent development in ultrasonic technology that generates acoustic waves by absorbing optical energy.
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