[COVID-19 in patients with primary immunodeficiency].

Orv Hetil

1 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Bőr-, Nemikórtani és Dermatoonkológiai Klinika, Primer Immundeficiencia Klinikai Egység és Laboratórium Budapest, Mária u. 39. Magyarország.

Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. Az új típusú koronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) okozta pandémia súlyos terhet és nagy kihívást jelent a fertőzésekkel szemben általában is fogékony, szerteágazó immunológiai és genetikai hátterű, primer immundeficiens (PID-) betegek számára. Az eddigi megfigyelések arra utalnak, hogy a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés és a súlyos COVID-19 mortalitása nem elsősorban az immunológiai alapbetegséggel, hanem sokkal inkább egyéb, a PID talaján megelőzően kialakult (például bronchiectasia, asthma, autoimmun betegség stb.) vagy attól független krónikus társbetegséggel (például diabetes, krónikus szív- és érrendszeri vagy vesebetegség) és szervi károsodással függ össze. A betegek egy kis csoportjában az I. típusú interferon-immunitás zavarát okozhatják génmutációk vagy autoantitestek termelése. A közleményben az eddig közölt adatok alapján beszámolunk a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés és a COVID-19 lefolyásáról és mortalitásáról PID-betegekben. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(5): 166-170. Summary. The pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in tremendous challenges to the management of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) representing a wide range of immunological and genetic entities. Preliminary data suggest that patients with PID would be at increased risk of severe disease and mortality from this newly emerged coronavirus. However, morbidity and mortality by SARS-CoV-2 may depend only partly on specific defect of immunity. Most of disease morbidity and mortality has been published to be related to previous damage of organs and tissues that had developed on the bases of PID before contracting SARS-CoV-2 or other, PID-independent disorders. In a small fraction of patients, impaired type I interferon immunity was found to predispose PID patients to severe coronavirus disease. In this review, we provide an update on published data about SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 in various PIDs. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(5): 166-170.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2022.32395DOI Listing

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