Comparison of clinical outcomes between cystotome-assisted prechop phacoemulsification surgery and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for hard nucleus cataracts.

Background/objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of cystotome-assisted prechop phacoemulsification surgery (CAPPS) and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) in patients with hard nucleus cataract.

Subjects/methods: Ninety-six eyes of 64 patients with grade IV hard nucleus cataract were assigned to 1 of the 2 groups (49 CAPPS and 47 FLACS). Follow-up visits were performed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, and the outcome measures comprised ultrasound power, effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), corneal endothelium cell loss rate (ECL), central corneal thickness (CCT), and intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Results: The ultrasound power and EPT were lower in the CAPPS group (p = 0.03 and <0.0001, respectively). Patients in both groups gained better CDVA postoperatively. The ECD value decreased at each follow-up visit and did not return to the preoperative level; FLACS resulted in greater endothelial cell loss compared to CAPPS. CCT increased immediately after the surgery and decreased thereafter. The mean CCT value returned to the preoperative level 3 months postoperatively in the CAPPS group, while in the FLACS group, CCT value took 6 months to return to the preoperative level. Miosis was more likely to occur in the FLACS group.

Conclusions: Due to its efficacy and cost-effectiveness, CAPPS is worth promoting and applying to clinical work in the future.