Diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the available data on sensitivity and specificity of IHC compared with molecular tests in the detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas.

Materials And Methods: This systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA statement and registered in Prospero (CRD42021259117). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for observational studies to answer the question "What is the diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for the diagnosis of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas?". Methodological quality and risk of bias assessment of the selected studies were based on the QUADAS-2. Meta-analysis based on hierarchical SROC curve model and summary measures for sensitivity and specificity were computed.

Results: A total of 226 records were found, but only 05 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 277 FFPE specimens of ameloblastoma included in the quantitative analysis. The sensitivity of the IHC compared to molecular tests ranged from 0.71 to 1.00, while all of the included studies showed perfect specificity (1.00). Pooled measures for sensitivity and specificity were 0.95 [95% CI 0.89, 1.00] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.95, 1.00], respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 4.05, and the AUC for SROC curve was calculated as 0.979.

Conclusions: BRAF V600E-specific IHC using VE1 antibody showed extremely high sensitivity and specificity when compared with molecular tests in the detection of the mutation in ameloblastomas.