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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.21038 | DOI Listing |
The clinical breakpoint for a drug-pathogen combination reflects the drug susceptibility of the pathogen wild-type population, the location of the infection, the integrity of the host immune response, and the drug-pathogen pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) relationship. That PK/PD relationship, along with the population variability in drug exposure, is used to determine the probability of target attainment (PTA) of the PK/PD index at a specified minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a selected target value. The PTA is used to identify the pharmacodynamic cutoff value (CO), which is one of the three components used to establish the clinical breakpoint.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Serious Games
January 2025
School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Background: Gamification refers to using game design elements in nongame contexts. Promoting physical activity (PA) through gamification is a novel and promising avenue for improving lifestyles and mitigating the advancement of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, evidence of its effectiveness remains mixed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Interdisciplinary Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Importance: Two meta-analyses published in 2012 found breech presentation, family history of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), female sex, and primiparity to increase the risk of DDH. However, the DDH definition, reference tests, and the age of the examined children varied considerably, complicating the translation of those findings to current screening guidelines.
Objective: To evaluate the association of previously proposed risk factors with the risk of sonography-verified DDH.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
RAND Health, RAND, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Long-term nursing home stay or death (long-term NH stay or death), defined as new long-term residence in a nursing home or death following hospital discharge, is an important patient-centered outcome.
Objective: To examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in long-term NH stay or death among older adults with sepsis, and whether these changes were greater in individuals from racial and ethnic minoritized groups.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used patient-level data from the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File, the Master Beneficiary Summary File, and the Minimum Data Set.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, P. R. China.
This study aimed to assess the correlation between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and mortality rates related to all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States. A total of 4669 participants with CKD were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 1999 and 2018. We calculated the incidence of CKD using an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 60 mL/min/1.
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