Supplementation of Bacillus sp. DU-106 Alleviates Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Association with the Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota in Mice.

Bacillus sp. DU-106, a potential probiotic, has been proved to activate innate immunity, reduce hypercholesterolemia, and regulate the gut microbiota of mice. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of strain DU-106 in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) via analyzing the changes in gut microbial composition in mice. The results indicated that supplementation of strain DU-106 alleviated gastrointestinal symptoms, improved gut barrier integrity and immunoglobulin-A level of mice with AAD. A 16S rRNA sequencing showed that antibiotics decreased bacterial diversity and the abundances of Alistipes, Roseburia, Hungatella, Eubacterium-xylanophilum, Lachnospiraceae-UCG-001, Intestinimonas, and Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136, but increased the abundance of Klebsiella, Bacteroidota, and Verrucomicrobiota. However, strain DU-106 treatment reversed these alternations in mice with AAD. In conclusion, strain DU-106 could alleviate AAD in association with the regulation of intestinal microbiota and could be used as an alternative treatment for AAD.