AI Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on an extremely weak microflare observed on September 9, 2018, using X-ray imaging spectroscopy tools such as NuSTAR and SDO/AIA.
- The microflare was found to have an energy level three orders of magnitude lower than typical GOES A class microflares, with a temperature of 6.7 MK and a very low emission measure.
- Remarkably, this research provides the lowest thermal energy estimate for an active region microflare reported in literature, pushing the boundaries of what qualifies as an X-ray microflare.
Article Abstract
We present X-ray imaging spectroscopy of one of the weakest active region (AR) microflares ever studied. The microflare occurred at ~11:04 UT on 2018 September 9 and we studied it using the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) and the Solar Dynamic Observatory's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA). The microflare is observed clearly in 2.5-7 keV with NuSTAR and in Fe XVIII emission derived from the hotter component of the 94 Å SDO/AIA channel. We estimate the event to be three orders of magnitude lower than a GOES A class microflare with an energy of 1.1 × 10 erg. It reaches temperatures of 6.7 MK with an emission measure of 8.0 × 10 cm. Non-thermal emission is not detected but we instead determine upper limits to such emission. We present the lowest thermal energy estimate for an AR microflare in literature, which is at the lower limits of what is still considered an X-ray microflare.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780508 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab873e | DOI Listing |
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