AI Article Synopsis

  • Advances in chelator design, particularly using pendant armed 1,4,7-triazacyclononane derivatives, drive the creation of effective copper and gallium-based biomedical agents and radiopharmaceuticals.
  • The synthesized chelators, including NODA-Im, NODA-MeIm, and NODA-Thia, showed faster complexation rates with Cu (II) compared to the commonly studied NOTA ligand, while the NODP-Thia demonstrated superior binding to Ga (III).
  • The study's findings suggest that these novel chelators may significantly improve efficiency in binding and radiolabeling, positioning them as promising candidates for future biomedical applications.

Article Abstract

Advances in chelator design are the cornerstone for the development of metals like copper and gallium based biomedical agents and radiopharmaceuticals. To develop optimal chelating ligands, we explored the synthesis and chelating properties of azaheterocycle pendant armed 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN) dimethylcarboxylate derivatives and dimethylphosphonate derivatives. In the complexation kinetics test, dicarboxylate pendant armed TACN derivatives 2,2'-(7-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid (NODA-Im), 2,2'-(7-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid (NODA-MeIm), and 2,2'-(7-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid (NODA-Thia) exhibited fast complexation kinetics towards Cu (II) cations, which were comparable to the frequently explored ligand 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA). And the diphosphonate pendant armed TACN derivative ((7-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(phosphonic acid) (NODP-Thia) bound with Ga (III) cations at a much faster rate than NOTA. Density functional theory studies confirmed that the better complexation kinetics and metal chelating efficiency of NODA-Im, NODA-MeIm, NODA-Thia, and NODP-Thia could be ascribed to the lower Gibbs energies of corresponding chelator-metal complexes than NOTA-metal complexes. The kinetic inertness of the Cu (II) complex with NODA-Im, NODA-MeIm, and NODA-Thia was also demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry studies. Subsequently radiolabeling experiment demonstrated that these metal chelators could efficiently labeled with Cu or Ga in good radiochemical purities. These preliminary findings support NODA-Im, NODA-MeIm, NODA-Thia, and NODP-Thia as promising leading chelating agents for the development of bifunctional Cu and Ga chelators in biomedical applications.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111719DOI Listing

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