At present, brain tumours remain one of the "hard-to-treat" malignancies with minimal improvement in patients' survival. Recently, miRNAs have been shown to correlate with oncogenesis and metastasis and have been investigated as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy prediction in different brain malignancies. The aim of the current study was to select an accurate and affordable brain tumour detection and grading approach. In the present study, we analysed the applicability of a restricted miRNA signature that could differentiate among patients with primary as well as metastatic brain tumours. Fresh tumour tissues were collected from Bulgarian patients (n = 38), including high-grade gliomas (n = 23), low-grade gliomas (n = 10) and brain metastases (n = 5) from lung cancer. Total RNAs enriched with microRNAs were isolated and differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed by RT-qPCR using TaqMan Advanced miRNA assay. We selected a signature of miR-21, miR-10b, miR-7, miR-491 that showed good diagnostic potential in high-grade gliomas, low-grade gliomas and brain metastases compared with normal brain tissues. Our results showed that miR-10b could reliably differentiate brain metastases from high-grade gliomas, while miR-491 could distinguish low-grade from high-grade gliomas and brain metastases from low-grade gliomas. We observed that miR-21 and miR-7 correlated with disease recurrence, survival status and the Karnofsky Performance Status. The selected signature of miR-7, miR-21, miR-10b and miR-491 could be used as a highly accurate diagnostic, grading and prognostic biomarker in differentiating various types of brain tumours. Our data suggest that the 4-miRNAs signature could be further analysed for predicting treatment response and for future miRs-based targeted therapy. The ongoing studies on miRs-based targeted therapy related to our selected miRNA signature are also reviewed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-021-01851-5 | DOI Listing |
Immunotargets Ther
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Background: Anti-glutamate kainate receptor subunit 2 (anti-GluK2) antibodies mediated encephalitis is very rare in both children and adults. This study aimed to describe the second report of the anti-GluK2 encephalitis worldwide, the first youngest patient worldwide, and the first case ever in Asia. Besides, this study provides a summary of the clinical manifestations of all previous reported cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurooncol Adv
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background: Fully automatic skull-stripping and tumor segmentation are crucial for monitoring pediatric brain tumors (PBT). Current methods, however, often lack generalizability, particularly for rare tumors in the sellar/suprasellar regions and when applied to real-world clinical data in limited data scenarios. To address these challenges, we propose AI-driven techniques for skull-stripping and tumor segmentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
Objective: This study investigates the association between phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in obese individuals.
Methods: Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018, including 9,925 obese adults (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m). PAA, defined as phenotypic age exceeding chronological age, was assessed using clinical biomarkers.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
Brain metastases (BrMs) and gliomas are two typical human brain tumors with high incidence of mortalities and distinct clinical challenges, yet the understanding of these two types of tumors remains incomplete. Here, a multidimensional proteomic landscape of BrMs and gliomas to infer tumor-specific molecular pathophysiology at both tissue and plasma levels is presented. Tissue sample analysis reveals both shared and distinct characteristics of brain tumors, highlighting significant disparities between BrMs and gliomas with differentially activated upstream pathways of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway that have been scarcely discussed previously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Clin Med Phys
December 2024
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the performance of two types of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent units (GRU), using Monte Carlo dropout (MCD) to predict pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data.
Methods: DCE-MRI data for simulation studies were synthesized using the extended Tofts model and a population-averaged arterial input function (AIF). The ranges of PK parameters for training the RNNs were determined from data of patients with brain tumors.
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