The strong oxidant, persulfate (PS, SO), was applied to treat the synthetic wastewater of benzoic acid (BA) under UV irradiation. UVC light initiated a chain reaction that derived the sulfate radical (SO•) and hydroxyl radical (HO•) from SO ion. The experiment parameters, including light irradiation (UVA and UVC), pH, dose ratio ([PS]/[BA]), initial concentration ([BA], mg/L), was optimized based on degradation efficiency and total organic carbon (TOC) removal of BA, which reached up to 100% and 96%, respectively, under pH 3.0. The best dose ratio was close to equivalent stoichiometry (and [PS]/[BA] = 15) for the treatment of 100 mg-BA/L, suggesting that UV/SO was able to completely convert BA to carbon dioxide and water. The scavenging test showed that SO• contributed to about 60% of degradation rate, which the HO• predominated the mineralization rate, i.e., TOC removal. A consecutive kinetic model was proposed to clarify the reaction sequence and rate-determining factor of photo-persulfate oxidation for benzoic acid.
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