Despite coinfections being recognized as the rule in animal populations, most studies focus on single pathogen systems. Pathogen interaction networks and the drivers of such associations are lacking in disease ecology studies. Common cockle Cerastoderma edule populations are exposed to a great diversity of pathogens, thus making them a good model system to investigate. This study examined the diversity and prevalence of pathogens from different taxonomic levels in wild and fished C. edule on the Irish coast. Potential interactions were tested focussing on abiotic (seawater temperature and salinity) and biotic (cockle size and age, and epiflora on shells) factors. No Microsporidia nor OsHV-1μVar were detected. Single infections with Haplosporidia (37.7%) or Vibrio (25.3%) were more common than two-pathogen coinfected individuals (9.5%), which may more easily succumb to infection. Fished C. edule populations with high cockle densities were more exposed to infections. Higher temperature and presence of epiflora on cockle shells promoted coinfection in warmer months. Low seawater salinity, host condition and proximity to other infected host species influenced coinfection distribution. A positive association between two Minchinia spp. was observed, most likely due to their different pathogenic effect. Findings highlight the major influence that ecological factors have on pathogen interactions and host–pathogen interplay.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182021001396 | DOI Listing |
Environ Pollut
December 2024
CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; CFE, Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
Wildfires can impact both freshwater and marine ecosystems through post-fire runoff, but its effects on bivalves, particularly those living in marine habitats, remain largely overlooked. While evidence exists that wildfire ash can alter the fatty acid (FA) and sugar profiles of aquatic biota, its influence on the biochemical profiles of bivalves have not been addressed to date. This study aimed to assess the effects of ash exposure on the FA and sugar profiles of two bivalve species used for human consumption: a freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) and a marine bivalve (Cerastoderma edule), additionally evaluating potential effects on their nutritional value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
November 2024
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Microplastics (MPs) contamination in marine organisms is a significant threat to seafood consumers worldwide. This study is the first to investigate the abundance of MPs in the commercial bivalves from six sites along Thailand's coastline, the daily exposure of bivalve consumers to MPs, and potential associated health risks. The microplastic occurrence varied from 69 % to 93 % in four bivalve species while the average abundance of MPs was 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Anim Sci
September 2024
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, 4225, Bangladesh.
Long bone fractures are common orthopedic conditions. There are numerous ways to repair these fractures. Bone grafting becomes necessary when a broken bone has a significant gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Environ Res
July 2024
Faculty of Commerce, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Mar Environ Res
July 2024
Marine Biological Association of the UK, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK.
The concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn have been determined in the tissues and the cytosolic fraction of the common cockle, Cerastoderma edule, collected from sediments in the Tamar, Plym and Avon estuaries (South West, England). Metal concentrations in the tissues of C. edule from the Avon were lower than those from the Tamar and Plym, except for Cu in the digestive gland.
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