AI Article Synopsis
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing among children in the U.S., particularly affecting Hispanic kids the most, and is linked to other health issues from metabolic syndrome.
- The study used national hospitalization data from 2004 to 2018 to analyze trends and disparities in NAFLD cases among children, focusing on different racial and ethnic groups.
- Results showed a significant rise in hospitalizations, especially for Hispanic children, while non-Hispanic Black children had lower hospitalization rates, indicating the need for targeted health interventions.
Article Abstract
Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of disease characterized by accumulation of fat in the liver and is associated with co-morbidities linked to metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of NAFLD in children has increased in the United States over time and with marked racial differences observed in geographically limited studies. This study aims to provide a current, nation-wide analysis of temporal trends of pediatric NAFLD-related hospitalizations and associated co-morbidities as well as assess for racial/ethnic disparities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2004 to 2018 and included NAFLD-associated hospitalizations of children ages 0-17 years of age based on ICD-9/10 diagnosis codes. Rates and patient characteristics analyzed via descriptive statistics and associations via survey logistic regression. Temporal trends assessed via joinpoint regression.
Results: There was an overall increase in pediatric NAFLD-associated hospitalizations with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 6.6 with highest rates among Hispanic patients (AAPC = 11.1) compared to NH-White (AAPC = 4.1) and NH-Black (AAPC = 2.1). Analysis of race/ethnicity and NAFLD hospitalization showed an increased association in Hispanic patients (odds ratio [OR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51-1.77) and a decreased association in non-Hispanic (NH)-Black patients (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.45-0.54) when compared to NH-White patients.
Conclusion: Utilizing a nation-wide database we demonstrated significant increases in NAFLD-associated hospitalizations with highest prevalence and rates seen in Hispanic patients. In addition, sex and comorbidities showed notable correlation to these hospitalization rates displaying the need for further studies on these relationships and highlights the potential for interventions aimed at high-risk groups.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003384 | DOI Listing |
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