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Antiretroviral Use for HIV Prevention During Pregnancy: The Need to Strengthen Regulatory and Surveillance Systems in Africa.
Drug Saf
January 2025
Forum for Collaborative Research, University of California, Berkeley, Washington, DC, USA.
HIV-prevention efforts focusing on women of child-bearing potential are needed to end the HIV epidemic in the African region. The use of antiretroviral drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical HIV prevention tool. However, safety data on new antiretrovirals during pregnancy are often limited because pregnant people are excluded from drug development studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInternationally, vaccination rates among adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are lower than those of the general population. Little research has addressed this issue. This study investigates the experiences of vaccinating adolescents with IDD in special education settings in Australia, with a focus on student engagement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBCG-Induced DNA Methylation Changes Improve Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Immunity Without Decreasing the Risk for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.
Open Forum Infect Dis
January 2025
Global Tuberculosis Program, William T. Shearer Center for Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: The BCG vaccine induces trained immunity, an epigenetic-mediated increase in innate immune responsiveness. Therefore, this clinical trial evaluated if BCG-induced trained immunity could decrease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related frequency or severity.
Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of healthcare workers randomized participants to vaccination with BCG TICE or placebo (saline).
Knowledge, attitude, practices, and associated factors toward cervical cancer among female health sciences students of Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Early screening and vaccination can prevent cervical cancer; however, the low levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice among the young can contribute to the high prevalence of cervical cancer.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer and associated factors among female Health Sciences students of the College of Health Sciences at Addis Ababa University.
Hepatitis B virus infection and its treatment in Eastern Ethiopia.
World J Hepatol
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8520, Japan.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes acute and chronic hepatitis, compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. The actual status of HBV infection and its treatment in certain regions of Asian and African countries, including Ethiopia, has not been well-documented thus far. Antiviral therapy for HBV infection can prevent the progression of HBV-related liver diseases and decrease the HBV-related symptoms, such as abdominal symptoms, fatigue, systemic symptoms and others.
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