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Organic contaminants in imported salmon feed and their effects on reef ecosystems in New Zealand. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Organic matter from salmon farms is absorbed by nearby marine communities, raising questions about the potential assimilation of other chemicals found in salmon feed.
  • Researchers measured various organic contaminants in salmon feed and marine organisms using Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, revealing that contaminant levels varied among species based on their proximity to salmon farms.
  • While trace concentrations of PCBs in blue cod at farm sites were higher than in reference sites, overall levels of contaminants in wild marine species were low and unlikely to cause significant ecological harm.

Article Abstract

Organic matter from salmon farms has been shown to be assimilated by soft sediment and rocky reef communities within the ecological footprint of salmon farms. Given these findings, another question arises - What other chemicals in salmon feed may be assimilated into wild communities via organic waste from salmon farms? Here we measured a suite of organic contaminants in salmon feed, in organisms used in a controlled feeding experiment, and in reef species collected within the depositional footprint of salmon farms. Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry was used to quantify trace concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and current-use (CPUs) and historic-use pesticides (HUPs) in salmon feed imported to New Zealand. The effect of assimilation of farm-derived organic matter on contaminant profiles differed among species during the controlled feeding experiment and demonstrated that migration of individuals to a farm-associated site has the potential to increase or decrease organic contaminant concentrations. Concentrations of PCBs in Parapercis colias (blue cod), a highly resident, long-lived fish, were significantly higher at farm sites than at reference sites. While these concentrations were relatively low in a global context, this result presents blue cod as an important candidate for future monitoring of organic contaminants around point sources. PCBs and PBDEs measured in wild marine species were all below limits set by the European Union, whereas concentrations of certain HUPs, specifically dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its degradation products and endosulfan, may be of concern as a consequence of alternative anthropogenic activities. Overall, feed imported to New Zealand had relatively low levels of most organic contaminants that, at current levels, are unlikely to result in significant ecological effects to wild communities in adjacent habitats.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118853DOI Listing

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