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C5a-C5aR1 axis mediates lung inflammation and fibrosis induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes via promoting neutrophils recruitment.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address:
A mounting number of studies have been documenting strong pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects of carbon nanotube (CNT). However, the molecular mechanisms of single-walled CNT (SWCNT)-provoked lung injury remain to be elucidated. Here, we established a mice model of SWCNT-induced lung injury by intratracheal instillation and found that C5a-C5a receptor-1 (C5aR1) signaling was significantly activated along with abundant neutrophils recruitment in lungs at early phase post SWCNT administration, which were positively correlated with early lung inflammation and late pulmonary fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Background: Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are increasingly associated with irregular lipid accumulation. Dysfunction in the catabolism of sphingolipids leads to many neurodegenerative disorders but has only recently garnered interest in AD. Excess ceramide deposition has been observed in Aβ-plaques, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid in AD patients and AD mouse models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Neuroinflammation is a key component of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is crucial to microglial involvement in AD, mediating trem2-dependent activation and Disease-Associated Microglia (DAM) polarization. However, GWAS revealed that loss-of-function mutations of its encoding gene are an important risk factor for AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Microglial reactivity and neuroinflammation are crucial pathological processes in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Several attempts to develop a treatment by supressing the immune response in AD have been made, yet these yielded very limited results. Recent studies suggest contrasting effects of microglial reactivity, indicating a biphasic response with both beneficial and deleterious effects at distinct stages of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, yet the effectiveness of disease-modifying interventions is inconclusive. Although exceptional progress in our understanding of AD neuropathology has been made via transgenic mouse models bearing familial mutations, they often fail to recapitulate the disease progression of late-onset AD (LOAD). To address this, MODEL-AD has developed LOAD1 and LOAD2 mouse models which carry the most common human-relevant risk factors for AD.
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