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A sweeping view of avian mycoplasmas biology drawn from comparative genomic analyses.
BMC Genomics
January 2025
Unit of Mycoplasmas, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Vaccinology and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Background: Avian mycoplasmas are small bacteria associated with several pathogenic conditions in many wild and poultry bird species. Extensive genomic data are available for many avian mycoplasmas, yet no comparative studies focusing on this group of mycoplasmas have been undertaken so far.
Results: Here, based on the comparison of forty avian mycoplasma genomes belonging to ten different species, we provide insightful information on the phylogeny, pan/core genome, energetic metabolism, and virulence of these avian pathogens.
Complete chloroplast genome of eight Phaius (Orchidaceae) species from China: comparative analysis and phylogenetic relationship.
BMC Plant Biol
January 2025
College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
Background: Phaius Lour. (Collabieae, Orchidaceae) is a small genus consisting of about 45 species, with highly ornamental and medicinal values. However, the phylogenetic relationship of Phaius among Calanthe s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLessons learned from spatial transcriptomic analyses in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
Nat Rev Urol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Spatial transcriptomics has emerged as a powerful tool for discerning the heterogeneity of the tumour microenvironment across various cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Spatial transcriptomics-based studies conducted in clear-cell RCC (the only RCC subtype studied using this technique to date) have given insights into spatial interactions within this disease. These insights include the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning, revealing proximity-dependent interactions between tumour cells, fibroblasts, interleukin-2-expressing macrophages and hyalinized regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrequency locked whispering evanescent resonator (FLOWER) for biochemical sensing applications.
Nat Protoc
January 2025
Wyant College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Sensitive, rapid and label-free biochemical sensors are needed for many applications. In this protocol, we describe biochemical detection using FLOWER (frequency locked optical whispering evanescent resonator)-a technique that we have used to detect single protein molecules in aqueous solution as well as exosomes, ribosomes and low part-per-trillion concentrations of volatile organic compounds. Whispering gallery mode microtoroid resonators confine light for extended time periods (hundreds of nanoseconds).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbonic anhydrase 2-derived drug-responsive domain regulates membrane-bound cytokine expression and function in engineered T cells.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Obsidian Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Adoptive cell therapies (ACT) have shown reduced efficacy against solid tumor malignancies compared to hematologic malignancies, partly due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). ACT efficacy may be enhanced with pleiotropic cytokines that remodel the TME; however, their expression needs to be tightly controlled to avoid systemic toxicities. Here we show T cells can be armored with membrane-bound cytokines with surface expression regulated using drug-responsive domains (DRDs) developed from the 260-amino acid protein human carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2).
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