AB Vista, Marlborough, Wiltshire, SN8 4AN, United Kingdom.
Published: March 2022
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Three hundred thirty-six Ross 308 male broiler chicks were used in a 21-d study to explore performance and gut function when treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI; 0 or 89 mg/kg) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with a xylanase (Xyl; 0 or 0.1 g/kg) to determine if the beneficial activity of arabinoxylan (AX) depolymerisation, through arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) production, starts in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Treatment with the PPI started from d 14, and by d 21 animal performance had deteriorated ( < 0.001). An interaction was observed between PPI and Xyl for feed conversion ratio (FCR) ( < 0.05), whereby the combination reduced the negative effect of PPI on FCR. Application of PPI raised digesta pH in the gizzard and caecum ( < 0.05), increased protein concentrations in the lower gut ( < 0.05) and reduced intake of digestible nutrients ( < 0.05). Caecal concentrations of indole, p-cresol, ammonia and the ratio of total volatile fatty acid (VFA) to butyric acid were increased with PPI ( < 0.05), indicating enhanced protein fermentation. Xylanase activity in the digesta were greatest in the caeca, especially when Xyl was supplemented ( < 0.001). The concentration of total soluble AX was greater in the gizzard and ileal digesta with Xyl supplementation ( < 0.05), supporting the depolymerisation action of xylanase even under acidic conditions. These data suggest xylanase may function in the gizzard even though pH is not optimal for activity and emphasises the importance of chlorohydric acid secretions in ensuring overall optimum gut function. AX depolymerisation benefits animal performance although it is still unknown how the AXOS produced with xylanase supplementation in the upper gastrointestinal tract influence the microbial populations and overall gut functionality.
Background: Patients with erosive oesophagitis, and those with persistent symptomatic non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, require long-term maintenance treatment with acid-suppressing agents.
Aim: To evaluate the safety of vonoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker, in an integrated analysis of data from clinical trials in adults.
Methods: We included 14 clinical trials of vonoprazan conducted in multiple countries.
Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ethylicin is a pesticide with excellent bactericidal ability. The incidence of poisoning has increased in recent years with the widespread use of ethylicin in green agriculture, but reports are lacking. In this study, we described three cases of oral ethylicin poisoning.
The appearance of 'web-like mucus' in the stomach is a novel phenomenon associated with vonoprazan (VPZ) usage, characterized by a descriptive mucus pattern resembling a spider web or net. The present study aimed to determine its prevalence and related factors. In this retrospective observational study, the medical records and endoscopic reports of 547 patients who underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy were reviewed.
Objective: To propose a European consensus for managing and treating laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) to guide primary care and specialist physicians.
Methods: Twenty-three European experts (otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, surgeons) participated in a modified Delphi process to revise 38 statements about the definition, clinical management, and treatment of LPRD. Three voting rounds were conducted on a 5-point scale and a consensus was defined a priori as agreement by 80% of the experts.
Background: Current guidelines lack recommendations regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among patients at low risk for UGIB treated with dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic stroke (IS). Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of PPIs in lowering the risk of significant UGIB in this patient group.
Methods And Results: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients at low risk for UGIB admitted for IS between 2014 and 2018 and treated with dual antiplatelet therapy.
