Changes in the forelimb extensor reflexes during fixed shifts and cyclic tilting of the head were investigated in decerebrated vestibuloectomized cats. In the used frequency range (0.05-1.0 Hz) the phase lead (10-15 degrees) of these changes was observed. The increase of tested reflexes was more pronounced during cyclic tilts than during fixed shifts. It is suggested that neck postural reflexes, primarily postulated as exclusively tonic, should be regarded as those having a phasic component.
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Brain Sci
December 2024
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Background/objectives: Recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) is a common disease in childhood, but its impact on the vestibular system remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of rAOM on balance and vestibular function in pediatric patients.
Methods: A total of 55 children, aged 8 years (25 males and 30 females), with a documented history of rAOM, no AOM episodes in the past year, and no previous ear surgery were assessed.
Cureus
November 2024
Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA.
Introduction SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) and the COVID-19 vaccine have been linked to the development of persistent symptoms, including orthostatic intolerance (OI) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), in both children and adults. POTS is characterized by excessive tachycardia and other symptoms upon standing, significantly impacting quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings in pediatric patients with post-COVID-19 or post-COVID-19 vaccine OI and POTS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Division of Biomechanics and Research Development, Department of Biomechanics, and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
Long-latency reflexes (LLRs) are critical precursors to intricate postural coordination of muscular adaptations that sustain equilibrium following abrupt disturbances. Both disturbances and adaptive responses reflect excursions of postural control from quiescent Gaussian stability under a narrow bell curve, excursions beyond Gaussianity unfolding at many timescales. LLRs slow with age, accentuating the risk of falls and undermining dexterity, particularly in settings with concurrent additional tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Psychology and Communication, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States.
Muscle tone represents a foundational property of the motor system with the potential to impact musculoskeletal pain and motor performance. Muscle tone is involuntary, dynamically adaptive, interconnected across the body, sensitive to postural demands, and distinct from voluntary control. Research has historically focused on pathological tone, peripheral regulation, and contributions from passive tissues, without consideration of the neural regulation of active tone and its consequences, particularly for neurologically healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Drug Saf
December 2024
Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
Background: In recent years, β-blockers such as metoprolol have been upgraded to first-line antihypertensive drugs. However, metoprolol demonstrates poor prognosis effects on diseases such as stroke. Further clinical application may expand the possibility of its related adverse reactions.
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