Two Puerto Rican infants, offsprings of nonconsanguineous parents, died with spondylothoracic dysostosis as characterized by widespread anomalies of the spine (malformed vertebral bodies including hemivertebrae), deformity of the thorax, and fan-like configuration of the ribs. The disease was lethal in early life in the 18 cases previously reported. An autosomal-recessive inheritance has been described. Spondylocostal dysostosis, a related entity, showed associated intrinsic anomalies of the ribs. The 17 cases culled from the literature pursued a milder course, affected mainly older children and adults, and had a different pattern of inheritance.

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Article Synopsis
  • Spondylocostal dysostosis (SCD) is a genetic disorder leading to vertebrae and rib abnormalities, resulting in complications like kyphoscoliosis and lung issues.* -
  • A case study discusses a pregnant woman with severe kyphoscoliosis and lung problems who safely underwent cesarean delivery using modified anesthesia techniques.* -
  • The report highlights the importance of tailored anesthetic strategies for patients with SCD to ensure safety during surgical procedures.*
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Case: We describe treatment of severe multilevel congenital thoracic fusion in a 3-year-old girl with Apert Syndrome by posterior element excision, posterior column osteotomies, and gradual distraction with magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) with 3-year follow-up. We also describe short-term follow-up with similar management in an 8-year-old patient with a congenitally fused thoracic spine from Jarcho-Levin syndrome.

Conclusion: Posterior element resection and targeted posterior column osteotomies combined with gradual distraction with MCGR offers a promising treatment course for children with severe thoracic insufficiency syndrome derived from congenital fusions.

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Article Synopsis
  • Spondylocostal dysostosis (Jarcho Levin syndrome) is a rare condition affecting the spine and ribs, causing breathing difficulties from birth.
  • The report discusses an infant diagnosed with both spondylocostal dysostosis and type II split cord malformation, utilizing CT and MRI for detection.
  • It also includes a summary of other documented cases of patients with these two combined conditions from previous research.
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