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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/aian.AIAN_519_20DOI Listing

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Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent endocrinopathies in the medical routine, appearing across different specialties. Although neurological involvement in the form of peripheral neuropathy is the most recurrent form acknowledged by physicians, the spectrum of neurological involvement can be more diverse. Here, we present a case of diabetic striatopathy, a rare neurological manifestation of diabetes mellitus with poor metabolic control, in a patient whose epidemiological group was not classically.

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Background: Diabetic striatopathy (DS) is a rare disorder characterized by clinical manifestations of hemichorea, non-ketotic hyperglycemia, and high signal on T1-weighted MRI or high density on CT scan in basal ganglia, typically associated with poor glycemic control.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of patients with diabetic striatopathy to raise awareness amongst physicians, especially endocrinologists, about this rare neurological manifestation in patients with diabetes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data on clinical presentations, laboratory workups, and cranial CT and MRI of six patients with DS who were admitted to our hospital from October 2013 to June 2022.

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Aims: Diabetic chorea refers to sudden involuntary movements developing in people with diabetes mellitus and is known to occur mainly in those with severe hyperglycemia. We conducted a questionnaire survey of case-reporting facilities in Japan to elucidate their clinical characteristics.

Methods: We searched the PubMed and Ichushi databases for case reports published from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017, using "diabetes" and "chorea" as keywords, and sent a questionnaire to the reporting institutions.

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Movement disorders associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) are rare. The diagnosis of diabetic striatopathy (DS) is based on the presence of a triad characterized by hyperglycemia, hemiballismus/chorea, and hypersignal of the basal ganglia on T1-weighted MRI. In most cases, treatment involves glycemic control.

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Nonketotic hyperglycemia-induced hemichorea is a rare condition of type 2 diabetes. It is characterized by hyperglycemia with the symptom traced to the basal ganglion like hemichorea or hemiballism, with the hyperintensity within basal ganglion presented in computed tomography (CT) or hyper signal in T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI). It was also confirmed with a relatively better prognosis in that the symptoms of these patients could be relieved after the alleviation of hyperglycemia.

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