This article encourages historians of technology to elevate the history of capitalism from a subsidiary theme to a research agenda. It studies the United States's early telegraphs to exemplify the inseparability of technology and capitalism. Entrepreneurs were able to innovate technologically (build telegraph systems) thanks to innovating financially. After trying and failing to sell large amounts of stock to a few investors in big cities for funding construction, entrepreneurs succeeded by selling small amounts of stock to many investors spread across the country. Financial innovators turned technology users into investors. Conversely, entrepreneurs were able to innovate financially because of their technological innovation. They built telegraphs to sell stock. Corporate charters made a company's capital a multiple of its line mileage, so the only way to increase capital was to build lines.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2022.0001 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", NeuroPresage Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP 5229, Caen, 14074, France.
Background: Subclinical depressive symptoms increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying this link may involve stress system dysfunction, notably related to the hippocampus which is particularly sensitive to AD. We aimed to investigate the links between blood stress markers and changes in brain regions involved in the stress response in older adults with or without subclinical depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO J
January 2025
Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
Small GTPase RHEB is a well-known mTORC1 activator, whereas neddylation modifies cullins and non-cullin substrates to regulate their activity, subcellular localization and stability. Whether and how RHEB is subjected to neddylation modification remains unknown. Here, we report that RHEB is a substrate of NEDD8-conjugating E2 enzyme UBE2F.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci
January 2025
Adelphi University, Garden City, NY.
Theories and studies of ecosystem emergence focus on macro level explanations such as government investments in research and development or those at the organizational level such as displacement of an older technological system by a new one through competition between technologies. However, mechanisms by which such shifts occur are underemphasized. This article draws on complexity theory to develop a theoretical framework to describe how emergence is generated through top down 'rules' that constrain the behavior of the system, directing it towards a desired outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biochem Eng Biotechnol
December 2024
Plant Ecology and Environmental Botany Unit, Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
The conversion of agricultural wastes to value-added products has emerged as a pivotal strategy in fostering economic transformation. This chapter explores the transformative potential of converting agricultural residues into valued commodities that contribute to sustainability and economic growth. Agricultural wastes, often considered environmental liabilities, possess untapped benefits with great economic value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall Methods
December 2024
Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS) and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
The selective Au deposition at the Au-substrate interface is known to give ultrathin Au nanowires and the synthesis usually employs strong thiol-based ligands. It is shown that, by increasing the rate of Au deposition, weak cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) can be made to behave like a strong ligand, so that it induces Active Surface Growth and gives Au nanowires. The ligand strength also depends on the packing interactions in the ligand layer, in the order of CTAB, CTAB, and CTAB.
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