A Study on Clinical Presentation and Histological Diagnosis of Lymphadenopathy Patients Admitted In Department of Medicine in A Tertiary Hospital.

Lymphadenopathy is a common problem encountered in day to day clinical practices in Bangladesh. It is an abnormal increase in size and/or altered consistency of lymph nodes. The condition generally is not a disease itself but a symptom of one of many possible underlying problems. So it is very much essential to achieve a correct diagnosis of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy. This cross sectional study carried out at the Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh over a period of 6 months from January 2014 to June 2014. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical presentations and to see the ultimate diagnosis by appropriate investigations of lymphadenopathy patients. It is a male predominance study. Metastatic carcinoma (Met. Ca) belonged to relatively higher age group, tuberculosis (TB) and acute leukaemias belonged to younger age group and lymphoma belonged to middle age group. Among 50 cases metastatic carcinoma comprises total 14(28%), lymphoma 13(26%), tuberculosis (TB) 12(24%), acute leukaemia 7(14%), non-specific (Non Sp.) 4(8%) cases. Among lymphoma non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was 10 (20%) then Hodgkin's disease (HD) was 3(6%) and among acute leukaemia acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was 5(10%) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) was 2(4%) cases. Most of the patients belong to younger age groups, 32% cases were from 18-30 years. Most of the patients had generalized lymphadenopathy. Biopsy of lymph node was done in 60% cases. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in 24% cases. Bone marrow study (BMD) was done in 14% cases include all cases of leukemia. Among 50 patients correct clinical diagnosis were found 100% cases of ALL and non-specific infection, 80% cases of metastatic carcinoma, 66.66% cases of AML and NHL, 62.5% cases of TB, 50% cases of HD. AML and ALL were diagnosed by bone marrow study. Over all 70% of clinical diagnosis were found correct in this study. In conclusion malignancy, lymphoma and tuberculosis were the most common cause of lymphadenopathy patients. Most of the cases were diagnosed by taking appropriate history and examination but FNAC, biopsy and bone marrow study were need for final diagnosis.