Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural eco-efficiency in Jilin agricultural production zone from a low carbon perspective.

Agricultural eco-efficiency is a meaningful index that assesses agricultural sustainable development. Based on the super SBM-DEA approach incorporating agricultural carbon emissions and panel data regression, this study evaluates agricultural eco-efficiency and investigates the influencing factors in the agricultural production zone of Jilin Province. The empirical results show the following. (1) During the observation period, the average agricultural eco-efficiency exhibits a flat "M-shaped" fluctuating trend, a trend of fluctuant growth with phase characteristics, and the agricultural eco-efficiency of each county still has much room for improvement. (2) Significant spatial differences exist in agricultural eco-efficiency across counties. All of the studied counties, except for Nong'an, Huadian, Lishu, Yitong, Gongzhuling, and Qianguo, need to change their input and output structure to optimize agricultural eco-efficiency. (3) The panel data regression estimation results indicate that the agricultural technology extension level, multiple-crop index, agricultural economic development level, agricultural technology extension level, and urbanization level have close correlations with agricultural eco-efficiency. (4) The research findings have important implications for policy makers formulating agricultural environmental policies in accordance with the local conditions of various counties.