Physospermum cornubienseL. alleviates nociceptive and neuropathic pain: Evidences and possible mechanisms.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Iranian/Persian folkloric medicine, Physospermum cornubiense (Shokaran Baghi in Persian) is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation.

Objective: This modern examination included Swiss mice to investigate the anti-neuropathic and anti-nociceptive effects of Physospermum cornubiense essential oil (PCEO).

Materials And Methods: To determine PCEO 's anti-nociceptive function in formalin-induced paw licking (FML) paradigm, researchers looked at the arginine-nitric oxide and potassium channels pathway in addition to involvements of more specific examples of receptors such as adrenergic, opioid, cannabinoid, peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPA), and transient receptor potential vanilloid. The CVC or cervical spinal cord contusion exemplar has also been used to induce neuropathic pain.

Results: PCEO (450mg/kg) relative to control mice in the phase_ II of FML exemplar provided strong antinociception (p < 0.001). Furthermore, pre-treatments with arginine, glibenclamide, methylene blue, L-NAME, SNP, GW6471, naloxonazine, and GW9662 (p < 0.05) returned the PCEO antinociceptive response in the FML (inflammatory phase) model. Orally limonene administration significantly diminished (p < 0.001) acute pain in inflammatory phase of FML test. Moreover, the von Frey test indicated that both PCEO and limonene could return neuropathic pain (mechanical allodynia) in CVC mice.

Conclusion: The results obtained from this study, together with literature, give evidence of properties of PCEO for therapy of antinociceptive and neuropathic pain.