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Morphological change in an isolated population of red squirrels () in Britain.
R Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Centre for Integrative Anatomy, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
The mechanical properties of dietary items are known to influence skull morphology, either through evolution or by phenotypic plasticity. Here, we investigated the impact of supplementary feeding of peanuts on the morphology of red squirrels () from five populations in Britain (North Scotland, Borders, Jersey and two temporally distinct populations from Formby (Merseyside)). Stable isotope analysis confirmed dietary ecology in 58 specimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndogenous C-type natriuretic peptide offsets the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension.
PNAS Nexus
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension constitute an increasing public health problem due to the growing prevalence of obesity and diabetes. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endogenous regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis, immune cell reactivity, and fibrotic disease. Thus, we investigated a role for CNP in the pathogenesis of MASLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidative Stress in Children and Adolescents: Insights Into Human Biology.
Am J Hum Biol
January 2025
Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA.
Oxidative stress (OS) is a key biological challenge and selective pressure for organisms with aerobic metabolism. The result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant defense, OS can damage proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids and plays an important role in driving variation in biological aging and health. Among humans, OS research has focused overwhelmingly on adults, with demonstrated connections between OS, inflammation, and metabolic and neurodegenerative conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn experimental test of eco-evolutionary dynamics on rocky shores.
Ecology
January 2025
Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, California, USA.
A growing body of theoretical studies and laboratory experiments has focused attention on reciprocal feedbacks between ecological and evolutionary processes. However, uncertainty remains about whether such eco-evolutionary feedbacks have an important or negligible influence on natural communities. Thus, recent discussions call for field experiments that explore whether selection on phenotypic variation within populations leads to contemporaneous effects on community dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAblation of PI3Kγ in neurons protects mice from diet-induced obesity MASLD and insulin resistance.
iScience
January 2025
The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg Sweden, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Mice with genetic ablation of PI3Kγ are protected from diet-induced obesity. However, the cell type responsible for PI3Kγ action in obesity remains unknown. We generated mice with conditional deletion of PI3Kγ in neurons using the nestin promoter to drive the expression of the Cre recombinase (PI3Kγ mice) and investigated their metabolic phenotype in a model of diet-induced obesity.
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