AI Article Synopsis
- Adult mammals typically can't regenerate axons in their central nervous system after injuries like spinal cord injuries, but the spiny mouse (Acomys) can recover function remarkably well and restore hind limb movement.
- The spiny mouse creates a special scarless tissue at the injury site, maintaining the original structure of the spinal cord while promoting significant axon regeneration and synapse formation.
- Researchers discovered that a change in glycosylation – a biochemical process – is vital for this regeneration, particularly highlighting an enzyme called β3gnt7 that boosts axon growth after spinal cord injury.
Article Abstract
Regeneration of adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) axons is abortive, resulting in inability to recover function after CNS lesion, including spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we show that the spiny mouse (Acomys) is an exception to other mammals, being capable of spontaneous and fast restoration of function after severe SCI, re-establishing hind limb coordination. Remarkably, Acomys assembles a scarless pro-regenerative tissue at the injury site, providing a unique structural continuity of the initial spinal cord geometry. The Acomys SCI site shows robust axon regeneration of multiple tracts, synapse formation, and electrophysiological signal propagation. Transcriptomic analysis of the spinal cord following transcriptome reconstruction revealed that Acomys rewires glycosylation biosynthetic pathways, culminating in a specific pro-regenerative proteoglycan signature at SCI site. Our work uncovers that a glycosylation switch is critical for axon regeneration after SCI and identifies β3gnt7, a crucial enzyme of keratan sulfate biosynthesis, as an enhancer of axon growth.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.008 | DOI Listing |
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