AI Article Synopsis
- Shikonin, a pigment from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has powerful anti-tumor effects, particularly against colorectal cancer cells.
- In experiments, shikonin triggered apoptosis in these cancer cells by lowering BCL-2 levels and activating specific death-related proteins, showing its effectiveness in inhibiting cancer cell growth.
- The study also indicated that shikonin activated stress response pathways and that protecting cells with N-acetyl cysteine reduced shikonin's toxicity, suggesting further research is needed on its potential for colorectal cancer treatment.
Article Abstract
Shikonin is a naphthoquinone pigment isolated from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, which has displayed potent anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of shikonin in colorectal cancer cells have not been yet fully investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that shikonin significantly inhibited the activity of colorectal cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry and western blot results indicated that shikonin induced cell apoptosis by down-regulating BCL-2 and activating caspase-3/9 and the cleavage of PARP. The expression of BiP and the PERK/elF2α/ATF4/CHOP and IRE1α /JNK signaling pathways were upregulated after shikonin treatment. The pre-treatment with N-acetyl cysteine significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of shikonin. Taken together, shikonin could inhibit proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell through the activation of ROS mediated-ER stress. The results showed that shikonin effectively inhibited tumor growth in the HCT-116 and HCT-15 xenograft models. In conclusion, shikonin inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and and warrants future investigation.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8692675 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.65297 | DOI Listing |
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