Receptors for the crystallisable fragment (Fc) of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), link the humoral and cellular arms of the immune response, providing a diverse armamentarium of antimicrobial effector functions. Findings from HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trials highlight the need for further study of Fc-FcR interactions in understanding what may constitute vaccine-induced protective immunity. These include host genetic correlates identified within the low affinity Fcγ-receptor locus in three HIV-1 efficacy trials - VAX004, RV144, and HVTN 505. This perspective summarizes our present knowledge of FcγR genetics in the context of findings from HIV-1 efficacy trials, and draws on genetic variation described in other contexts, such as mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission and HIV-1 disease progression, to explore the potential contribution of variability in modulating different HIV-1 vaccine efficacy outcomes. Appreciating the complexity and the importance of the collective contribution of variation within the gene locus is important for understanding the role of FcγRs in protection against HIV-1 acquisition.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8714752 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.788203 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Targeted knockdown of ATM, ATR, and PDEδ increases Gag HIV-1 VLP production in HEK293 cells.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
Grup d'Enginyeria de Bioprocessos i Biocatàlisi Aplicada, ENG4BIO, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Several strategies have been developed in recent years to improve virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine production processes. Among these, the metabolic engineering of cell lines has been one of the most promising approaches. Based on previous work and a proteomic analysis of HEK293 cells producing Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) Gag VLPs under transient transfection, four proteins susceptible of enhancing VLP production were identified: ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR), DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), and retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit delta (PDEδ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeciphering long-term immune effects of HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: a longitudinal study.
Med Microbiol Immunol
December 2024
Immunology Section, Molecular Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
Introduction: While the general immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is well-understood, the long-term effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1/Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2) co-infection on the immune system remain unclear. This study investigates the immune response in people with HIV-1 (PWH) co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 to understand its long-term health consequences.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study of PWH with suppressed viral load and SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted.
Design and evaluation of a multi-epitope HIV-1 vaccine based on human parvovirus virus-like particles.
Vaccine
December 2024
Mucosal Immunoogy Laboratory, Biomedicine Research Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico. Electronic address:
The development of a protective HIV vaccine remains a challenge given the high antigenic diversity and mutational rate of the virus, which leads to viral escape and establishment of reservoirs in the host. Modern antigen design can guide immune responses towards conserved sites, consensus sequences or normally subdominant epitopes, thus enabling the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional lymphocyte responses. Conventional epitope vaccines can often be impaired by low immunogenicity, a limitation that may be overcome by using a carrier system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Virus-Like Particles Carrying HIV-1 Env with a Modulated Glycan Composition].
Mol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Gamaleya Federal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, 123098 Russia.
Previously obtained highly immunogenic Env-VLPs ensure overcoming the natural resistance of HIV-1 surface proteins associated with their low level of incorporation and inaccessibility of conserved epitopes to induce neutralizing antibodies. We also adopted this technology to modify Env trimers of the ZM53(T/F) strain to produce Env-VLPs by recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVVs). For VLP production, rVVs expressing Env, Gag-Pol (HIV-1/SIV), and the cowpox virus hr gene, which overcomes the restriction of vaccinia virus replication in CHO cells, were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutability and hypermutation antagonize immunoglobulin codon optimality.
Mol Cell
December 2024
Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
The efficacy of antibody responses is inherently linked to paratope diversity, as generated through V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation. Despite this, it is unclear how genetic diversification mechanisms evolved alongside codon optimality and affect antibody expression. Here, we analyze germline immunoglobulin (IG) genes, natural V(D)J repertoires, serum IgG, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) expression through the lens of codon optimality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!