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Targeting central pathway of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide, Glucagon and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 for metabolic regulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Obes Metab
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are significant public health challenges that greatly impact global well-being. The development of effective therapeutic strategies has become more and more concentrated on the central nervous system and metabolic regulation. The primary pharmaceutical interventions for the treatment of obesity and uncontrolled hyperglycemia are now generally considered to be incretin-based anti-diabetic treatments, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural and Functional Projections of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert and Their Changes After Cognitive Training in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment.
CNS Neurosci Ther
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Aims: The nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) is a major source of cholinergic innervation in the central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of structural and functional alterations in the NBM and its projections in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the effects of computerized cognitive training (CCT).
Methods: Forty-five patients with MCI and 45 cognitively unimpaired controls (CUCs) were recruited.
Integrated Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Molecular Subtypes and ceRNA Networks in Multiple Sclerosis.
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jingjiang People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 214504, People's Republic of China.
Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). While extensively studied, its molecular subtypes and mechanisms remain poorly understood, hindering the identification of effective therapeutic targets.
Methods: We used ConsensusClusterPlus to analyze transcriptome data from 215 MS patient samples, identifying distinct molecular subtypes.
Pathological mechanisms of glial cell activation and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders caused by infection.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Research, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
is an intracellular opportunistic parasite that exists in a latent form within the human central nervous system (CNS), even in immune-competent hosts. During acute infection, traverses the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the subsequent chronic infection phase, the infiltration of immune cells into the brain, driven by infection and the formation of parasitic cysts, leads to persistent activation and proliferation of astrocytes and microglia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Constituent-Dependent Translocation Mechanism for PM to Travel through the Olfactory Pathway.
Environ Health (Wash)
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
The neurotoxic risk of PM is of worldwide concern, but the pathways through which PM gets to the central nervous system are still under debate. The olfactory pathway provides a promising shortcut to the brain, which bypasses the blood-brain barrier for PM. However, direct evidence is lacking, and the translocation mechanism is still unclear.
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