Association of Excessive Use with Mental Disorders: A Representative Nationwide Study in China.

Objectives: We examined associations between excessive use and mental disorders at the individual and contextual level.

Methods: We conducted a representative nationwide survey sampling process of 11,283 medical students from 30 universities in China. Mental health status was measured by the Chinese Health Questionnaire. Both unadjusted and adjusted methods were considered in the analyses.

Results: High frequency and long-time use prevalence was 19.1% and 31.2% respectively among users. The multilevel logistic regression model found that individual-level high frequency (OR = 1.26) and long-time use (OR = 1.24) were significantly associated with mental health disorders. University-level excessive use also was associated with the mental disorders (OR = 1.33 [high frequency use]; OR = 1.17 [long-time use]). Structural equation analysis showed that individual- and university-level high frequency and individual-level and university-level long-time use have a direct influence on poor mental health. The above variables, except individual-level long-time use, have an indirect influence on poor mental health through mental stress.

Conclusions: This study provides new evidence that excessive use is associated with mental disorders. These findings underscore the importance of alerting people to the possible health risks of excessive social media use.