AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) single and repeated exposure produces cognitive dysfunctions. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN) regulate cognitive functions. BFCN loss or cholinergic neurotransmission dysfunction leads to cognitive disabilities. Thyroid hormones (THs) maintain BFCN viability and functions, and Cd disrupts their levels. However, Cd-induced BFCN damages and THs disruption involvement was not studied. To research this we treated male Wistar rats intraperitoneally with Cd once (1 mg/kg) or repetitively for 28 days (0.1 mg/kg) with/without triiodothyronine (T3, 40 µg/kg/day). Cd increased thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) and decreased T3 and tetraiodothyronine (T4). Cd altered cholinergic transmission and induced a more pronounced neurodegeneration on BFCN, mediated partially by THs reduction. Additionally, Cd antagonized muscarinic 1 receptor (M1R), overexpressed acetylcholinesterase S variant (AChE-S), downregulated AChE-R, M2R, M3R and M4R, and reduced AChE and choline acetyltransferase activities through THs disruption. These results may assist to discover cadmium mechanisms that induce cognitive disabilities, revealing a new possible therapeutic tool.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2021.103791 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Arousal-promoting effect of the parabrachial nucleus and the underlying mechanisms: Recent advances.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of rehabilitation Medicine, SuiNing Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, SuiNing 629000, China. Electronic address:
The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is responsible for integrating both internal and external sensory information and controlling/regulating a wide range of physiological processes, such as feeding, thermogenesis, nociceptive and pruritic sensations, and respiration. Recently, the PBN has been found to be involved in mediating wakefulness maintenance, sleep-wake transition, exogenous neuromodulation of awakening, and arousal-promoting process triggered by drastic changes in the internal environments, such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, and hypertension. Multiple neural pathways and subpopulations of neurons are responsible for arousal-promoting effects of the PBN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltered coupling relationships across resting-state functional connectivity measures in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging
December 2024
Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. Electronic address:
Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) measures have enjoyed significant success in discovering the neuropathological characteristics of schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it is unknown whether and how the spatial and temporal coupling relationships across rsFC measures would be altered in these psychiatric disorders. Here, resting-state fMRI data were obtained from a transdiagnostic sample of healthy controls (HC) and individuals with SZ, BD, and ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArousal effects on oscillatory dynamics in the non-human primate brain.
Cereb Cortex
December 2024
School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Fort Neuroscience Research Building, 4370 Duncan Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Arousal states are thought to influence many aspects of cognition and behavior by broadly modulating neural activity. Many studies have observed arousal-related modulations of alpha (~8 to 15 Hz) and gamma (~30 to 50 Hz) power and coherence in local field potentials across relatively small groups of brain regions. However, the global pattern of arousal-related oscillatory modulation in local field potentials is yet to be fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHierarchical gradients of multiple timescales in the mammalian forebrain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Many anatomical and physiological features of cortical circuits, ranging from the biophysical properties of synapses to the connectivity patterns among different neuron types, exhibit consistent variation along the hierarchical axis from sensory to association areas. Notably, the temporal correlation of neural activity at rest, known as the intrinsic timescale, increases systematically along this hierarchy in both primates and rodents, analogous to the increasing scale and complexity of spatial receptive fields. However, how the timescales for task-related activity vary across brain regions and whether their hierarchical organization appears consistently across different mammalian species remain unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Functional and Structural Plasticity in Rats With Spinal Cord Injury.
Brain Behav
December 2024
Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in sensory and locomotor function loss below the injured segment. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proven to alleviate SCI. This study aims to establish a reproducible rat model of SCI and investigate the impact of HBOT on alterations in brain neuronal activity and neuromotor function in this experimental rat SCI model using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!