Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a global disease threatening human health, is commonly accompanied by secondary liver damage (SLD) mediated by the gut-liver axis. Oxidative stress acts a critical role in the onset of IBD, during which excessive oxidation would destroy the tight junctions between intestinal cells, promote proinflammatory factors to penetrate, and thereby damage the intestinal mucosa. Hance (FPH) is widely used for daily health care in South China. Our previous study showed that FPH protected acute liver damage induced by alcohol. However, there is no study reporting FPH treating ulcerative colitis (UC). This study is designed to investigate whether FPH could inhibit UC and reveal its potential mechanism. The results showed that FPH significantly alleviated the UC disease symptoms including the body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), stool consistency changing, rectal bleeding, and colon length loss of UC mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and reversed the influences of DSS on myeloperoxidase (MPO) and diamine oxidase activity (DAO). FPH suppressed UC via inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-B pathway and strengthened the gut barrier of mice via increasing the expressions of ZO-1 and occludin and enhancing the colonic antioxidative stress property by increasing the levels of T-SOD and GSH-Px and the expressions of NRF2, HO-1, and NQO1 and reducing MDA level and Keap1, p22-phox, and NOX2 expressions. Furthermore, FPH significantly inhibited SLD related to colitis by reducing the abnormal levels of the liver index, ALT, AST, and cytokines including TNF, LPS, LBP, sCD14, and IL-18 in the livers, as well as decreasing the protein expressions of NLRP3, TNF, LBP, CD14, TLR4, MyD88, NF-B, and p-NF-B, suggesting that FPH alleviated UC-related SLD via suppressing inflammation mediated by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-B pathway. Our study firstly investigates the anticolitis pharmacological efficacy of FPH, suggesting that it can be enlarged to treat colitis and colitis-associated liver diseases in humans.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2617881 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, JPN.
When encountering severe hypoxemia that does not respond to oxygen supplementation, it is essential to consider underlying right-to-left shunting. Among various diagnostic approaches, the microbubble test via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a simple, noninvasive method for detecting pulmonary arteriovenous shunts, particularly in hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Although microbubbles are usually administered peripherally, using a Swan-Ganz (SG) catheter to inject microbubbles directly into the pulmonary artery may provide even more definitive diagnostic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Alcohol abuse is the most frequent precipitating factor of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). We aimed at developing an alcohol-induced ACLF model and dissecting its underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods: ACLF was triggered by a single alcohol binge (5g/Kg) in a bile duct ligation (BDL) liver fibrosis murine model.
Metabolism
December 2024
Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs is strongly linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the roles of noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD)/miR-511-3p/Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (Rock2) axis and the NORAD/ROCK2 interaction in the development of MASLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China. Electronic address:
Acetochlor is a widely used and highly effective herbicide. Its overuse poses significant threats to biosecurity and ecological integrity, particularly affecting free-ranging birds. Data on its impact, especially mechanisms of liver toxicity in chickens, are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cell Biochem
December 2024
Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is driven by a complex interplay of genetic, lifestyle, and dietary factors, leading to weight gain, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been recently recognized as a key contributor to MetS, leading to advancements in gut microbiome-based interventions to improve health outcomes. Considering the unique challenges associated with the use of pre/probiotics, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), also known as postbiotics, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents due to their role in modulating host metabolism and physiology.
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