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Evolution in the choice of therapies used to treat latrodectism: Redback spider antivenom or standard analgesic medications. Nothing to rave about.
Emerg Med Australas
August 2023
Monash Toxicology Unit, Emergency Service, Dandenong Hospital, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Objectives: Redback spider (RBS) antivenom (RBSAV) use appears to have decreased since the results of the RAVE-2 antivenom efficacy study were released. The aims of this study were to assess change in RBSAV use over time and compare responses to treatment for antivenom and other analgesics.
Methods: Retrospective audit of RBS bite referrals to a toxicology unit, from January 2010 to January 2022.
Response to Re: Redback spider bites in children in South Australia: A 10-year review of antivenom effectiveness.
Emerg Med Australas
April 2022
Paediatric Emergency Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Plasticity in extended phenotype increases offspring defence despite individual variation in web structure and behaviour.
Anim Behav
April 2018
Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Many animals actively defend their offspring using a range of behaviours from calling and mobbing in birds, to physical grappling in crustaceans, and the expression of these behaviours positively scale with offspring value. While this role of behaviour in defence is well studied, very little is known about how other traits, specifically the structure of architectural constructions such as webs and nests, contribute to offspring defence. Additionally, although some tax a show consistent individual differences in offspring defence behaviour, it is completely unknown whether individuals also differ in defensive structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomics of Parallel Ecological Speciation in Lake Victoria Cichlids.
Mol Biol Evol
June 2018
Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
The genetic basis of parallel evolution of similar species is of great interest in evolutionary biology. In the adaptive radiation of Lake Victoria cichlid fishes, sister species with either blue or red-back male nuptial coloration have evolved repeatedly, often associated with shallower and deeper water, respectively. One such case is blue and red-backed Pundamilia species, for which we recently showed that a young species pair may have evolved through "hybrid parallel speciation".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn natural environment, stresses, when animals happen to be exposed to them, influence the functional activity of adrenal cortex. It can be expected that in animals, living under unfavorable conditions, basal concentration of glucocorticoid hormones would be increased while adrenocortical response to acute stress would be weakened. Since the main function of stress-reaction is resources mobilization meant to compensate an environmental impact, its weakening should lead to reduction of reserve metabolic capacities.
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