Background: Blink rate (BR) is considered a marker of dopaminergic activity in humans. BR is increased in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), but no study has yet investigated whether BR changes with the progression of cognitive decline from MCI to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and whether BR abnormalities are present in subjects with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD).
Objective: The aim of our study was to assess BR in patients with AD, MCI, and SCD and to correlate BR with demographic and clinical features of cognitive decline.
Methods: We enrolled 22 subjects with SCD, 23 with MCI, and 18 with AD and a group of 20 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Cognitive function was assessed by testing global cognitive status and frontal, attentional, memory, verbal, and visuospatial functions. BR was measured by counting the number of blinks per minute.
Results: MCI subjects had an increased BR (p <0.001), whereas AD subjects had a lower BR than HCs (p <0.05). Conversely, SCD subjects had a BR similar to HCs. No significant correlations emerged between neuropsychological scores and BR in SCD, MCI, and AD subjects.
Conclusion: Increased BR in MCI likely reflects early compensatory mechanisms occurring before AD, whereas decreased BR in AD suggests dopaminergic system involvement in this condition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205019666211227102706 | DOI Listing |
Open Med (Wars)
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai United Family Hospital, Shanghai 200050, China.
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) frequently occurs following endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Given the complexity of predicting AIS clinically, there is a pressing need to develop a preemptive prediction model and investigate the impact of anesthesia depth on AIS.
Methods: A total of 333 patients diagnosed with AIS were included in the study, comprising individuals with non-POCD ( = 232) or POCD ( = 101).
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an intermittent hypoxia disorder associated with cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory impairments. There is evidence that alterations in protease activity and neuronal activation as associated with cognitive dysfunction, are dependent on sex, and may be brain region-specific. However, the mechanisms mediating OSA-induced cognitive impairments are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
Introduction: We aimed to identify unique proteomic signatures of Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).
Methods: We conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of 33 post mortem brains from AD, DLB, and PDD individuals without dementia focusing on prefrontal, cingulate, and parietal cortices, using weighted gene co-expression network analyses with differential enrichment analysis.
Results: Network modules revealed hub proteins common to all dementias.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Introduction: Poor cardiovascular health (CVH) is linked to Alzheimer's disease and dementia; however, its association with neurocognitive trajectories earlier in life remains underexplored.
Methods: We included 3224 participants with information on CVH at early midlife (mean age 45.0 ± standard deviation 3.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: The menopausal decline in ovarian estrogen production is thought to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease; however, this link requires further investigation. The chronological development of this connection is not well defined because of the lack of animal models that recapitulate the time course of menopause. This study characterized the cognitive and neuronal effects of the 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) model of ovarian failure in female mice and assessed whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would attenuate impairments.
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