Petri nets (PNs) have many advantages such as graphical representation, formal description, and the possibility of sequential and concurrent control. An important aspect of using PNs is hierarchical modeling, which may be provided in different ways. In this paper, a new concept and definition of the hierarchical structure for Fuzzy Interpreted Petri Net (FIPN) are proposed. The concept of macroplace with several input, output, and input-output places is introduced to the net. The functionality of the macroplace instances and the hierarchy graph are also proposed. They are implemented in a computer simulator called HFIPN-SML. In this study, FIPN is employed since it allows the use of analogue sensors directly for process control. Better visualization and more precise control are among advantages of the introduced approach.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248433 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Computer and AI, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Drug discovery and development is a challenging and time-consuming process. Laboratory experiments conducted on Vidarabine showed IC 6.97 µg∕mL, 25.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study presents a novel approach to parameter estimation for the Lomax distribution using a contemporary triangular fuzzy ranking method. The Lomax distribution is critical in reliability analysis and lifetime data modeling but often faces challenges when handling uncertain or imprecise data. Our proposed ranking function for Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs) enhances the estimation process in fuzzy environments, enabling better interpretation of incomplete datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Software, Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Software, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, 13120, Republic of Korea.
Network security is crucial in today's digital world, since there are multiple ongoing threats to sensitive data and vital infrastructure. The aim of this study to improve network security by combining methods for instruction detection from machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). Attackers have tried to breach security systems by accessing networks and obtaining sensitive information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi Mara - Kampus Puncak Alam, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
Introduction: In an increasingly diverse healthcare landscape, addressing the specific needs of Muslim patients has become paramount. The absence of comprehensive frameworks for Shariah-compliant healthcare services often poses challenges for healthcare professionals striving to provide care that aligns with Islamic values.
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for Shariah-compliant healthcare services, ensuring alignment with Islamic practices in healthcare.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Sustainable Construction, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Subjective weighting methods are widely employed to determine criteria weights in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) environment. Inputs from decision-makers, including opinions, assessments, assumptions, evaluations, interpretations, expectations, and judgments, are primarily relied upon in these methods. Significant challenges are faced due to two primary factors: the inherent uncertainty in inputs and the process of pairwise comparisons.
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