AI Article Synopsis
- Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), can decrease regulatory T cells leading to T cell imbalances, while Lactoferrin (LA) shows potential for improving T cell regulation.
- In an animal study, combining Tac and LA was tested, resulting in improved gut microbiota, reduced harmful T cell subsets, lower autoantibody levels, and less kidney damage.
- The combination therapy not only enhanced the effects of Tac but also positively shifted the balance between Th17 and Treg cells, suggesting LA could effectively support SLE treatment.
Article Abstract
Objective: Tacrolimus (Tac) is an immunosuppressant used in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, it induces T cell subset imbalances by reducing regulatory T (Treg) cells. (LA) is reported to have therapeutic efficacy in immune-mediated diseases T cell regulation.
Methods: This study investigated whether a combination therapy of LA and Tac improves the therapeutic efficacy of Tac by modulating T cell subset populations in an animal model of SLE. Eight-week-old MRL/ mice were orally administered with 5 mg/kg of Tac and/or 50 mg/kg of LA daily for 8 weeks. Cecal microbiota compositions, serum autoantibodies levels, the degree of proteinuria, histological changes in the kidney, and populations of various T cell subsets in the spleen were analyzed.
Results: Mice presented with significant gut dysbiosis, which were subsequently recovered by the combination treatment of Tac and LA. Double negative T cells in the peripheral blood and spleens of MRL/ mice were significantly decreased by the combination therapy. The combination treatment reduced serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies and Immunoglobulin G2a, and renal pathology scores were also markedly alleviated. The combination therapy induced Treg cells and decreased T helper 17 (Th17) cells both and . treatment with LA induced the production of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, programmed death-ligand 1, and interleukin-10 the specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin homolog-related 3 receptor signals.
Conclusion: The present findings indicate that LA augments the therapeutic effect of Tac and modulates Th17/Treg balance in a murine model of SLE.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704231 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.696074 | DOI Listing |
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