Background: In this study, the reducing effects of varying levels of olive leaf extract (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2%) on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) in pan-cooked salmon at 180 and 220 °C were examined.
Results: All salmon samples were analyzed for ten HAAs: IQx, IQ, MeIQx, MeIQ, 4,8-DiMeIQx, 7,8-DiMeIQx, PhIP, AαC, MeAαC and Trp-P-2. The most abundant HAA was MeIQ (≤2.98 ng g ) followed by Trp-P-2 (≤2.40 ng g ), MeIQx (≤0.83 ng g ), IQ (≤0.41 ng g ), 7,8-DiMeIQx (≤0.29 ng g ), 4,8-DiMeIQx (≤0.16 ng g ) and IQx (≤0.06 ng g ). However, PhIP, AαC and MeAαC were undetectable in all samples. In the control samples, HAAs were found at levels ranging from not detected to 2.40 ng g . Total HAA content was between 0.81 and 4.03 ng g . The olive leaf extracts reduced the total HAA levels at all certain concentration levels at 180 °C and the reducing effects were found to be 32.78-77.69%.
Conclusion: The current study displayed that olive leaf extracts could be efficient when added in up to 1% concentration prior to cooking for reducing HAA formation without changing organoleptic characteristics of salmon. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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