AI Article Synopsis
- Neural modulation is essential for understanding neural circuit mechanisms and is crucial for developing neural interface technologies.
- Current ultrasonic modulation typically relies on a ∼1 MHz frequency, which creates a wide modulation zone affecting multiple brain functions.
- To achieve finer spatial resolution, researchers used high-frequency ∼30 MHz ultrasound combined with two-photon calcium imaging, allowing them to observe and suppress neuron activity at a detailed 100-μm scale in awake mice.
Article Abstract
Neural modulation plays a major role in delineating the circuit mechanisms and serves as the cornerstone of neural interface technologies. Among the various modulation mechanisms, ultrasound enables noninvasive label-free deep access to mammalian brain tissue. To date, most if not all ultrasonic neural modulation implementations are based on ∼1 MHz carrier frequency. The long acoustic wavelength results in a spatially coarse modulation zone, often spanning over multiple function regions. The modulation of one function region is inevitably linked with the modulation of its neighboring regions. Moreover, the lack of in vivo cellular resolution cell-type-specific recording capabilities in most studies prevents the revealing of the genuine cellular response to ultrasound. To significantly increase the spatial resolution, we explored the application of high-frequency ultrasound. To investigate the neuronal response at cellular resolutions, we developed a dual-modality system combining in vivo two-photon calcium imaging and focused ultrasound modulation. The studies show that the ∼30 MHz ultrasound can suppress the neuronal activity in awake mice at 100-μm scale spatial resolutions, paving the way for high-resolution ultrasonic neural modulation. The dual-modality in vivo system validated through this study will serve as a general platform for studying the dynamics of various cell types in response to ultrasound.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169577 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2021.12.005 | DOI Listing |
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